Science

The 2012 statement by an international group of neuroscientists affirming that mammals, birds, and many other animals including octopuses possess the neural substrates of consciousness.

Growing animal proteins and tissues without animals — cultivated meat, precision fermentation, and recombinant proteins, from Mark Post's 2013 burger to today's regulatory approvals and unresolved scale-up economics.

A field guide to reading diet research without being misled — study designs, confounding, FFQ noise, absolute versus relative risk, meta-analysis pitfalls, and conflict-of-interest checks.

How life-cycle assessment (LCA) quantifies the environmental impact of foods — what it measures, how boundary and allocation choices shape results, and where the method's blind spots lie.

Engineered microbes producing animal proteins — whey, casein, ovalbumin, collagen, heme — via the same recombinant-DNA platform that has made insulin and chymosin for forty years, now extended to dairy and egg.

The empirical ground under veganism — how nutrition, agronomy, animal cognition, food systems modelling, and cellular agriculture are actually measured, and how to read the evidence without overreaching it.